Fluid actuated tool



June 14, 1932. A. G. sLATcHl-:R 1,862,637

FLUID ACTUATED TOOL Filed July 24, 1929 2 sheets-sheet 1 INVENTOR AzFRf 6.5ATCHER ATT RNEY June 14, 1932. A. G. sLATcHER FLUID ACTUATED TOOL Filed July 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 14, 1932 PATENT OFFICE ALFRED G. SLATCHER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO FLUID ACTUATED TOOL Application led July 24, 1929. Serial No. 380,478.

This invention relates broadly' to fluid operated tools of the percussive type and more specifically to improvements therein which embody mechanism for ellecting the rotation of the cutting tool,

One of the objects ot this invention is to provide mechanism within a fluid actuated tool which will facilitate the positive rotative drive of the cutting tool or the frictional enga elnent thereof. A

nother object of this invention is to provide a Huid operated tool with a frictional driving mechanism which can be readily inanipulated by the operator when the rotative movement of the cut-ting tool becomes restrained While drilling rock or similar material of a variable density.

Other objects more or less ancillary to the foregoing and the manner in which all the various objects are realized will appear in the following description which, considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, sets forth the preferred embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings:

Fig 1 is a vertical sectional view of a pneumatic tool illustrating one embodiment of the invention, the lockin r member being shown as disengaged from tie ratchet mechanism;

Fi 2 is a View similar to Fig. 1 illustrating t e locking member in engaged relation with the ratchet mechanism; and

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail illustration in perspective of the ratchet ring.

The fluid actuated tool herein chosen for the purpose 'of illustrating the invention embodies a stope drill of the hammer type which comprises a cylinder within which is reciprocatively mounted a piston 11 having an extended stem portion 12 operatively associated with a drill steel or cutting tool in the. usual manner. The cylinder body is formed to accommodate the support of a handle 13 which is mounted thereon with a tapered socket 14 being secured by two semi-circular clamping members 15 heldin place by a screw threaded bushing 16. Adjacent the end of the handle 13 there is a vertically disposed casing in which there is mounted a valve 17 having a rotatable control knob 18.

Within the cylinder 10 there is a valve 19 which is orgamzed to eliect the distribution of the compressed fluid. This valve is mounted for reciprocative movement within a valve block 20 the latter being fitted snugly within the cylinder 10. The movement of the valve 19 and the consequential reciprocative movement of the piston 11 are ellected in a. manner common to tools of this type and suice the operation of this portion of the machine forms per se no part of the present invention no further description of these elements need be given here further than to direct attention to an orifice or exhaust port 21 in cylinder l0 which is arranged in relation to the mean and extreme positions ot' the piston stroke to all'ord communication between the cylinder and atmosphere during the operation of the piston.

'Within the cylinder and interposed be- 0 tween bearing plate 22 and head block 23 there is a ratchet mechanism 24 comprising a toothed ring 25 provided with a plurality ot' recesses 26, and a plurality of pawls 27. The pawls are adapted toiengage the teeth 7' of the ratchet and the ring is restrained from rota-tion by a fluid operated locking mechanism comprising a pin 28 having an enlarged portion or head 29 slidably mounted within a bore 30 in the housing or head block 23. The pin is adapted to engage the recesses 26 being urged therein by a compression spring 3l mounted adjacent the head 29 and secured by a screw thread bushing A rifled stem 34 is coordinated with the ratchet. ring 25 S5 and is maintained within the head ot' the piston 11 in a bore ot' complemental configuration. The ratchet and its appurtenances ell'ectuates the rotative movement otl the piston and in turn the cutting tool or drill during the reciprocative movement of the piston.

The head block 23 is formed to support a water tube 35 and a packing gland 36 which is provided to convey water or air to the cutting tool in accordance with the practice common in a mechanism of this type. A throttle valve 37 is provided to control the supply of colnpressed fluid admitted to the machine.

ico

In the practice of this invention compressed fluid is admitted through the port 38 where it flows through the ratchet mechanism 24 to the valve 19 by way of p orts 39. The reciprocative movement of the piston 11 is effected by the intermittent flow of fluid into the cylinder 10, as controlled by the valve 19 by way of recess 40 and ports 41. By maintaining the control valve 17 1n the position illustrated on Fig. 1, the compressed fluid will flow from its source through the canals 42 and 42', the port 43 and through the passage 44 into the chamber 45. As the compressed fluid overcomes the effort of the spring 31 the pin 28 will be withdrawn from the recesses 26 thus permitting the ring to rotate relative to the drill casing. Since the ring 25 is fitted snugly within its seat 1t may remain in a stationary position unt1l the tool engages a material which will offer sufiicient resistance to overcome the frictional engagement of the ratchet ring withinits bearing seat.

The pin 28 may be moved into engagement with the ratchet ring by turning the control valve 17 in the position illustrated in Fig. 2, wherein the flow of compressed fluid in the canal 42 is shut off and the fluid in the chamber 45 is exhausted to atmosphere through ports 44, 43, 42 and 46. The compressive effort of spring 32 now bemg re leased the pin 28 will move forwardly entering one of the recesses 26 in the ratchet ring thus securing the ring to this casing and effecting the ratchet function.

The control valve 17 is preferably arranged in respect to the direction of rotation of the tool in the manner shown in the drawings so that the valve may be turned in the direction of rotation of the tool to establish communication between the passages 42 and 42 and release the rotation mechanism. In this way, the operator ma hold the valve 17 stationary and when the andle 13 tends to move away from the operator due to a seizure of the tool in the hole being drilled, the valve 17 will be automatically turned to the-position shown in Figure 1 to release the rotation mechanism'.

Although the foregoing description is necessarily of'a detailed character in order to completely set forth this invention, it is to be understood that the specific terminology is not intended to be restrictive or confining and it is to'be further understood that various rearrangement of parts and modification of structural details may be resorted to without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention as herein claimed.

Claims:

1. In a rock drill, a cylinder having a piston reciprocable therein, a rotation mechanism including a ratchet ring rotatably mounted in said cylinder, a rifled stem engaged with said piston, and pawls operatively connecting said ring and said stem, a locking `member mounted in Isaid cylinder and movable into or out'of engagement with a locking recess in said ring, means for resiliently urging said member in one direction, and fluid means controlled by the operator for resiliently urging said member in the other direction.

2. In a fluid actuated tool, a cylinder having a piston reciprocable therein, and having a handle projecting therefrom, a rotation mechanism including a member rotatably mounted in said cylinder, a riled stem engaged with said piston, means connecting said member and said stem for relative step by step rotation, a latch movable into or out of locking engagement with said member, fluid pressure means for moving said latch, and valve means including a fluid passage in said handle for controlling the fluid pressure in said fluid pressure means.

3. In a fluid operated tool, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, a rotation mechanism coordinated -wilh said piston, said rotation mechanism comprising a ratchet ring rotatable within said cylinder. a rifle stem and pawls operatively connecting said ring and stem, a handle supported by said cylinder and extending therefrom and having a fluid passage therein, a fluid operated locking mechanism associated with said ring and communicating with the passage in said handle and a rotatable valve normal to said handle and supported thereby, said valve communicating with the passage in said handle for controlling said locking mechanism.

4. In a fluid operated tool, a cylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, av rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston, said rotation mechanism comprising a ratchet ring rotatable within said cylinder, a rifle stem and pawls operatively connecting said ring and stem, a handle supported by said cylinder and extending therefrom and having a fluid passage therein, a fluid operated locking mechanism associated with said ring and communicating with the passage in said handle` and valvular means supported by said handle and coordinated with said passage for controlling said locking means.

5. In a fluid operated tool, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein. a rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston, said rotation mechanism comprising a casing, a ratchet ring rotatable within said casing, a rifled stem engageable with said piston, pawls operatively connecting the ring and the stem, pressure fluid inlet passageways within said cylinder, a handle having a passage therein, a )ressure chamber within said casing and adjacent said ratchet ring. said chamber being in fluidic communication with said inlet passageways, and the passage in said handle, a pin slidably mounted within said chamber and engageable with said ring, and valvular means normal to said handle and supported thereby and communicating with the passage in said handle for regulating the pressure in said chamber and controlling the engagement of said pin with said ring.

6. In a rock drilling machine, a cylinder and a piston movable therein, a rotation mechanism comprising a casing, a ratchet ring, a rifled stem engageable with said piston, pawls operatively connecting the ring and the stem, fluid actuated locking mechanism within said casing coordinated with said ratchet ring, a handle extending from said cylinder having a fluid passage therein in communication with said locking mechanism, and valvular means disposed at the outer end of said handle and supported thereby, said valvular means communicating with the passage in said handle for controlling said locking mechanism.

7. A stoper drill comprising a casing adapted to receive a tool, a rotation mechanism within said casing for producing a relative rotation between said casing and said tool, a handle adapted to be manually held for restraining said casing against rotation, fluid pressure means within said casing for rendering said rotation mechanism inoperative, a grip rotatably mounted on said handle, and a valve associated with said grip and said fluid pressure means for actuating the latter when said handle swings around the axis of the tool and said grip is held against rotation about its own axis.

8. A stoper drill comprising a casing adapted to receive a tool, a cylinder formed within said casing, a piston reciprocating in said cylinder, a rotation mechanism coordinated with said piston and comprising a ratchet ring rotatable within said cylinder, a rifle stem and pawls operatively connecting said ring and stem, fluid pressure locking means for locking said ratchet ring to said casing, a lever projecting laterally from said casing and having a fluid passage therein communicating with said fluid pressure means, a grip rotatably mounted on said lever and arranged substantially parallel with the axis of said casing, and a. valve actuated by said grip and controlling the fluid passage in said handle.

9. In a drill, the combination with a cylinder member and a reciprocatory piston therein capable of rotation, of means for effecting such rotation, includin a rifle bar with which the piston slidab y en aves, ratchet mechanism for rotating the ri e ar and including a rotatable ratchet ring, a detent for holding the ratchet ring against rotation, and fluid operated means controlled by the operator for actuating the detent.

10. In a drill, the combination with a cylinder member and a reciprocatory iston therein capable of rotation, of means or effecting such rotation includlng a rile bar with which the piston slidably enga es, ratchet mechanism for rotating the rie ar and including a rotatable ratchet ring, a detent for holding the ratchet ring against rotation, a piston actuating the detent, and means for supplying operating fluid to the piston and controlling such supply.

11. In a drill, the combination with a cylinder member and a reciprocatory piston therein capable of rotation, of means for effecting such rotation includin a rifle bar with which the piston slidab en ages, ratchet mechanism for rotatin t e ri e bar and including a rotatable ratc et ring, having sockets, a holding dog movable into and out of the sockets, a piston for operating the dog, and means for supplying operating HuidA to the piston and controlling such supply.

12. In a drill, the combination with a cylinder member, a back head structure therefor having a ratchet mechanism chamber, and a piston chamber, of a piston operating in the cylinder and capable of rotation, ratchet mechanism in the rachet mechanism chamber, a rifle bar operated thereby and operating on the piston, a piston in the piston chamber and having a holding pin that engages the ratchet mechanism to make it operative and releases it to make it inoperative, means for supplying motive fluid to the piston chamber, and controlled means for permittinfr its escape.

13. In a drill the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein and capable of rotation, of ratchet mechanism for controllin the rotation including a rotatable ratchet ring, a holding handle for the tool, and fluid operated mechanism for controlling the rotatlon of the ratchet ring including a valve having manually operating means mounted on the handle.

14. Ina drill, the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein and capable of rotation, of ratchet mechanism for controlling the rotation including a rotatable ratchet ring, a holding handle for the tool and fluid operated mechanism for controlllng the rotation of thb ratchet ring including a manually actuated valve mounted on the handle.

l5. In a drill, the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein and capable of rotation, of ratchet mechanism for controlling the rotation including a rotatable ratchet ring, a holding handle for the tool, a piston-operated detent for holding the ratchet ring a ainst rotation, means for supplying motive uid to the piston, and means for exhausting such motive fluid through the handle.

16. In a drill, the combination with a cylinder member and a piston operating therein and capable of rotation, of ratchet mechanism for controlling the rotation including a rotatable ratchet ring, a holding handle or the tool, a piston operated detent for holding the ratchet ring against rotation, means for supplying motive fluid to the piston, means orv exhausting such motive fluid through the handle, and an exhaust-controlling valve on the handle.

17. In a drill, the combination with a cylinder member having a back head structure, the latter being rovided with an axial chamber and a radial piston chamber, and a piston operating in the cylinder member and capable of rotation, of means for effecting the rotation of the piston including a ratchet ring rotatable in the axial chamber, a piston in the radial chamber, a detent dog operated by the piston and engaging the ratchet ring to hold it against rotation, means for supplying motive fluid to the piston chamber to actuate the piston, a handle for holding the drill, said handle having an exhaust passageway leading from the piston chamber and opening to atmos here, and a controlling valve for the ex aust passageway rotatably mounted on the handle.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aix my signature this 16 day of July, 1929.

ALFRED G. SLATCHER. 

